Assessing Energy Efficiency in Conventional Office Buildings through Retrofitting Strategies

Authors

  • Muhammad Tarique Lakhiar Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
  • Shalini Sanmargaraja Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
  • AbdulLateef Olanrewaju Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
  • Chong Hooi Lim School of Engineering, Vitrox College, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
  • Vignes Ponniah Building Services Engineering, Trafford College Group, Manchester, UK
  • Anselm Dass Mathalamuthu School of Architecture, Tunku Abdul Rahman Universiti of Management and Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Volume: 15 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 23197-23203 | June 2025 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.9916

Received: 11 December 2024 | Revised: 19 February 2025 and 18 March 2025 | Accepted: 22 March 2025 | Online: 28 April 2025


Corresponding author: Muhammad Tarique Lakhiar

Abstract

This study evaluates the energy efficiency of a conventional office building in Malaysia through the implementation of passive and active Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs). The retrofitting strategies included roof insulation, shading devices, HVAC optimization, and LED lighting upgrades, targeting key inefficiencies in the building's baseline energy performance. The energy modeling is performed with the eQUEST tool. Implementing ECMs demonstrated a 59.58% reduction in energy consumption contributing to reducing the annual usage from 292,330 kWh to 118,170 kWh, and additionally achieving CO₂ emission reductions of 132,013.28 kg. The payback period of 3.65 years highlights the economic feasibility of these measures. The annual cost savings reached MYR 88,647.44. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating passive and active strategies to optimize energy performance, reduce environmental impact, and enhance sustainability in office buildings.

Keywords:

energy conservation measures, equest, energy efficiency, passive and active strategies, CO₂ emission reduction, sustainable buildings

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References

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How to Cite

[1]
Lakhiar, M.T., Sanmargaraja, S., Olanrewaju, A., Lim, C.H., Ponniah, V. and Mathalamuthu, A.D. 2025. Assessing Energy Efficiency in Conventional Office Buildings through Retrofitting Strategies. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research. 15, 3 (Jun. 2025), 23197–23203. DOI:https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.9916.

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Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Tarique Lakhiar, Shalini Sanmargaraja, AbdulLateef Olanrewaju, Chong Hooi Lim, Vignes Ponniah, Anselm Dass Mathalamuthu

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