A Novel Sunflower-Shaped Microstrip Antenna at 5.75 GHz for WLAN, Wi-Fi and 5G Mobile

Sangam Prafulla Borkar; Nitesh Guinde

doi:10.48084/etasr.19003

Authors

Sangam Prafulla Borkar Goa College of Engineering, Farmagudi, Affiliated to Goa University, Taleigao, Goa, India
Nitesh Guinde Goa College of Engineering, Farmagudi, Affiliated to Goa University, Taleigao, Goa, India

Volume: 16 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 37912-37918 | August 2026 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.19003

Received: 29 March 2026 | Revised: 3 May 2026 and 9 June 2026 | Accepted: 11 June 2026 | Online: 22 June 2026

Corresponding author: Sangam Prafulla Borkar

Abstract

This paper presents the design of a novel sunflower-shaped microstrip antenna with a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for sub-6 GHz applications. The proposed antenna operates at 5.75 GHz on a flame-retardant FR-4 substrate (relative permittivity = 4.4, thickness 1.6 mm) with overall dimensions of 30 × 25 × 1.6 mm³. The design is simulated and analyzed using the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and exhibits a peak gain of 6 dB, a return loss of −32.15 dB, a bandwidth of 400 MHz, a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 0.43, and a radiation efficiency of 77% at the operating frequency. The antenna is suitable for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications in the 5 GHz band, supporting high-speed Wi-Fi standards such as IEEE 802.11a/n/ac/ax (Wi-Fi 5 and Wi-Fi 6E) for applications including streaming, online gaming, and high-data-rate transfer. It is also relevant to 5G New Radio (NR) sub-6 GHz mobile applications, where the 5.75 GHz band offers higher data rates and reduced congestion compared to the 2.4 GHz band, making it appropriate for use in smartphones, laptops, and other mobile devices.

Keywords:

microstrip antenna, sunflower, Defected Ground Structure (DGS), sub-6 GHz, High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS)

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