Radial Basis Function-Based Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Current Control for Single-Phase Grid-Tied Inverters

Nhat Tung Nguyen; Thi Mai Hoang; Duc Thinh Le

doi:10.48084/etasr.18936

Authors

Nhat Tung Nguyen Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, Vietnam
Thi Mai Hoang Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, Vietnam
Duc Thinh Le Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, Vietnam

Volume: 16 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 37204-37213 | August 2026 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.18936

Received: 26 March 2026 | Revised: 5 May 2026, 12 May 2026, and 19 May 2026 | Accepted: 20 May 2026 | Online: 3 June 2026

Corresponding author: Nhat Tung Nguyen

Abstract

This paper proposes a current control strategy for a single-phase grid-tied inverter under conditions of parameter uncertainty and disturbance. Inductance and filter resistance deviations degrade the performance of traditional model-based control methods. To overcome this, a Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network is used as an online observer to approximate and compensate for aggregate errors due to uncertainty and unmodeled dynamics. Simultaneously, Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control (STSMC) is applied to reduce the chattering phenomenon and ensure finite-time convergence with a continuous control signal. The RBF–STSMC combination reduces conservatism in parameter selection and enhances system robustness. Stability is demonstrated using Lyapunov, and MATLAB/Simulink simulation results show superior performance compared to traditional SMC and PID controllers.

Keywords:

single-phase grid-tied inverter, Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control (STSMC), advanced sliding mode control, Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network, Lyapunov stability

References

[1] G. Spagnuolo, "Smart Solar PV Inverters with Advanced Grid Support Functionalities [Book News]," IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 109–110, Mar. 2023.

[2] Y. Yang, S. Bremner, C. Menictas, and M. Kay, "Modelling and optimal energy management for battery energy storage systems in renewable energy systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 167, Oct. 2022, Art. no. 112671.

[3] M. Shirkhani et al., "A review on microgrid decentralized energy/voltage control structures and methods," Energy Reports, vol. 10, pp. 368–380, Nov. 2023.

[4] M. Malengret and C. T. Gaunt, "Active Currents, Power Factor, and Apparent Power for Practical Power Delivery Systems," IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 133095–133113, 2020.

[5] M. K. Ikram, M. S. J. Asghar, M. Seyedmahmoudian, S. Mekhlilef, A. Stojcevski, and A. Al-Assaf, "Advanced real and reactive power measurement using analog multiplier and phase-controlled switching technique," Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 378, Nov. 2024, Art. no. 115812.

[6] H. I. Hazim, K. A. Baharin, C. K. Gan, A. H. Sabry, and A. J. Humaidi, "Review on Optimization Techniques of PV/Inverter Ratio for Grid-Tie PV Systems," Applied Sciences, vol. 13, no. 5, Mar. 2023, Art. no. 3155.

[7] D. Li, T. Wang, W. Pan, X. Ding, and J. Gong, "A comprehensive review of improving power quality using active power filters," Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 199, Oct. 2021, Art. no. 107389.

[8] C. Zou, B. Liu, S. Duan, and R. Li, "Stationary Frame Equivalent Model of Proportional-Integral Controller in dq Synchronous Frame," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 4461–4465, Sept. 2014.

[9] M. Kwon, S. Park, C. Oh, J. Lee, and S. Choi, "Unified Control Scheme of Grid-Connected Inverters for Autonomous and Smooth Transfer to Stand-Alone Mode," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 416–425, Jan. 2022.

[10] K. Zeb et al., "A Review on Recent Advances and Future Trends of Transformerless Inverter Structures for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, vol. 11, no. 8, July 2018, Art. no. 1968.

[11] A. H. Sabry, Z. M. Mohammed, F. H. Nordin, N. H. Nik Ali, and A. S. Al-Ogaili, "Single-Phase Grid-Tied Transformerless Inverter of Zero Leakage Current for PV System," IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 4361–4371, 2020.

[12] M. Monfared, S. Golestan, and J. M. Guerrero, "Analysis, Design, and Experimental Verification of a Synchronous Reference Frame Voltage Control for Single-Phase Inverters," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 258–269, Jan. 2014.

[13] R. Panigrahi, S. K. Mishra, S. C. Srivastava, A. K. Srivastava, and N. N. Schulz, "Grid Integration of Small-Scale Photovoltaic Systems in Secondary Distribution Network—A Review," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 3178–3195, May 2020.

[14] H. Eroğlu, E. Cuce, P. Mert Cuce, F. Gul, and A. Iskenderoğlu, "Harmonic problems in renewable and sustainable energy systems: A comprehensive review," Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, vol. 48, Dec. 2021, Art. no. 101566.

[15] M. Waqas et al., "DQ Transformation Based Control of Single-Phase Grid-Tied Inverter," in 2021 31st Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, Perth, Australia, 2021, pp. 1–6.

[16] G. Shen, X. Zhu, J. Zhang, and D. Xu, "A New Feedback Method for PR Current Control of LCL-Filter-Based Grid-Connected Inverter," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 2033–2041, June 2010.

[17] J. Hu, Y. Shan, J. M. Guerrero, A. Ioinovici, K. W. Chan, and J. Rodriguez, "Model predictive control of microgrids – An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 136, Feb. 2021, Art. no. 110422.

[18] R. Aljarrah, B. B. Fawaz, Q. Salem, M. Karimi, H. Marzooghi, and R. Azizipanah-Abarghooee, "Issues and Challenges of Grid-Following Converters Interfacing Renewable Energy Sources in Low Inertia Systems: A Review," IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 5534–5561, 2024.

[19] L. Wu, J. Liu, S. Vazquez, and S. K. Mazumder, "Sliding Mode Control in Power Converters and Drives: A Review," IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 392–406, Mar. 2022.

[20] D. G. Montoya, C. A. Ramos-Paja, and R. Giral, "Improved Design of Sliding-Mode Controllers Based on the Requirements of MPPT Techniques," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 235–247, Jan. 2016.

[21] H. Komurcugil, S. Biricik, S. Bayhan, and Z. Zhang, "Sliding Mode Control: Overview of Its Applications in Power Converters," IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 40–49, Mar. 2021.

[22] Q. Teng, G. Xu, X. Zheng, H. Mai, X. Ma, and Y. Wang, "A novel sliding mode observer-based compound sliding mode current control with active damping for single phase grid-tied inverter system in weak grid," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 141, Oct. 2022, Art. no. 108117.

[23] V.-Q. Nguyen and T.-L. Le, "Flexible Control with Fuzzy Observer-Based Sliding mode for Multilevel Inverter," Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 4573–4586, Sept. 2024.