Development and Preliminary Validation of a 69% Domestic Content (TKDN) Continuous Emission Monitoring System for Industrial Flue Gas Monitoring
Received: 12 March 2026 | Revised: 9 April 2026, 11 May 2026, and 15 May 2026 | Accepted: 16 May 2026 | Online: 6 June 2026
Corresponding author: Eymal Bahsar Demmalino
Abstract
Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMSs) are important for regulatory compliance and real-time emission monitoring in coal-fired power plants. However, many developing countries still depend on imported systems, which can limit domestic technological development and increase operational costs. This study presents the development and preliminary validation of a CEMS with 69% domestic content (Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri-TKDN). The system integrates locally manufactured mechanical components, data acquisition modules, and control systems with standardized gas analyzers for monitoring industrial flue gas emissions. Experimental validation was conducted using certified reference gases under controlled calibration conditions to evaluate measurement accuracy, repeatability, and operational performance. The system successfully measured the concentrations of CO₂, SO₂, CO, and O₂. A NOₓ monitoring channel using an electrochemical NO₂ sensor module was also integrated into the system design; however, quantitative validation of NOₓ measurements could not be completed due to sensor stability limitations during calibration testing. The results showed good agreement with reference instruments. Measurement errors were below 3% for SO₂, CO₂, and O₂, whereas CO measurements showed higher deviation during preliminary calibration. All evaluated gases demonstrated low variability during repeated measurements, indicating good repeatability and stable short-term system performance. Overall, the developed CEMS demonstrates promising potential for industrial emission monitoring and supports the development of domestic environmental monitoring technologies in developing countries.
Keywords:
Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMSs), experimental validation, coal-fired power plant, domestic content (TKDN), emission calibration, environmental instrumentation, industrial air pollution monitoringReferences
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Copyright (c) 2026 Fajar, Winarni Monoarfa, Ahmad Zubair Sultan, M. Shidiq Yunus, Ardi Nugroho, Eymal Bahsar Demmalino
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