Personality Recognition in Learning Environments: A Multimodality Machine Learning Framework

Authors

  • Yalan Dai Information Science Division, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
  • Amena Mahmoud Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Information, Kafrelsheikh University, Governorate, Egypt
  • Eiko Takaoka Department of Information and Communication Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
Volume: 16 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 36369-36383 | June 2026 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.17778

Abstract

Learning Analytics (LA) and Educational Data Mining (EDM) have emerged as powerful tools for understanding student behavior and improving educational outcomes. This research presents an approach to personality recognition in educational settings by leveraging multimodal data mining techniques across diverse educational datasets. It analyzes student interactions, learning patterns, and behavioral indicators collected from university educational platforms, including learning management systems. Our methodology combines traditional Machine Learning (ML) algorithms with Deep Learning (DL) approaches to process and analyze multiple data streams simultaneously. We employed a comprehensive dataset of 76 students across two different courses to incorporate students' features. Results demonstrate significant improvements in personality recognition accuracy compared to single-model approaches. The proposed system achieved an overall accuracy of 96% in identifying personality traits, with particularly strong performance in recognizing Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Furthermore, this study revealed notable correlations between certain personality traits and specific learning behaviors, providing valuable insights for personalized learning interventions. This research contributes to the field by introducing a scalable framework for personality recognition in educational contexts, offering practical applications for adaptive learning systems and personalized educational support. The findings have important implications for developing targeted interventions and customized learning experiences based on individual personality profiles.

Keywords:

personalized learning, Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), personality recognition

References

S. Y. Chen and J.-H. Wang, "Individual differences and personalized learning: a review and appraisal," Universal Access in the Information Society, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 833–849, Nov. 2021.

S. G. Essa, T. Celik, and N. E. Human-Hendricks, "Personalized Adaptive Learning Technologies Based on Machine Learning Techniques to Identify Learning Styles: A Systematic Literature Review," IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 48392–48409, 2023.

C. Romero and S. Ventura, "Educational data mining and learning analytics: An updated survey," WIREs Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, vol. 10, no. 3, May 2020, Art. no. e1355.

A. B. Altamimi, "Big Data in Education: Students at Risk as a Case Study," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 11705–11714, Oct. 2023.

D. Dockterman, "Insights from 200+ years of personalized learning," npj Science of Learning, vol. 3, no. 1, Sept. 2018, Art. no. 15.

B. S. Bloom, "The 2 Sigma Problem: The Search for Methods of Group Instruction as Effective as One-to-One Tutoring," Educational Researcher, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 4–16, June 1984.

M. Komarraju, S. J. Karau, R. R. Schmeck, and A. Avdic, "The Big Five personality traits, learning styles, and academic achievement," Personality and Individual Differences, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 472–477, Sept. 2011.

M. Kitahashi and H. Handa, "Estimating Classroom Situations by Using CNN with Environmental Sound Spectrograms," Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 242–248, Mar. 2018.

Z. Ren, Q. Shen, X. Diao, and H. Xu, "A sentiment-aware deep learning approach for personality detection from text," Information Processing & Management, vol. 58, no. 3, May 2021, Art. no. 102532.

S. Batool, J. Rashid, M. W. Nisar, J. Kim, H.-Y. Kwon, and A. Hussain, "Educational data mining to predict students’ academic performance: A survey study," Education and Information Technologies, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 905–971, Jan. 2023.

D. Cervone and L. A. Pervin, Personality: Theory and Research. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2022.

R. R. McCrae and P. T. Costa Jr., "Personality trait structure as a human universal," American Psychologist, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 509–516, 1997.

O. P. John and S. Srivastava, "The Big Five Trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives," in Handbook of personality: Theory and research, 2nd ed., L. A. Pervin and O. P. John, Eds. New York, NY, USA: Guilford Press, 1999, pp. 102–138.

A. E. Poropat, "A meta-analysis of the five-factor model of personality and academic performance," Psychological Bulletin, vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 322–338, 2009.

A. Oshio, "Development and validation of the Dichotomous Thinking Inventory," Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 729–741, July 2009.

W. K. Campbell, A. M. Bonacci, J. Shelton, J. J. Exline, and B. J. Bushman, "Psychological Entitlement: Interpersonal Consequences and Validation of a Self-Report Measure," Journal of Personality Assessment, vol. 83, no. 1, pp. 29–45, Aug. 2004.

M. Scheuch, J. Scheibstock, H. Amon, G. Fuchs, and C. Heidinger, "Learning Evolution – A Longterm Case-Study with a Focus on Variation and Change," in 13th European Science Education Research Association Conference, Bologna, Italy, 2019, pp. 119–131.

J. Anisi, M. Majdiyan, M. Joshanloo, and Z. Ghoharikamel, "Validity and reliability of NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) on university students," International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 351–355, Dec. 2011.

A. Vinciarelli and G. Mohammadi, "A Survey of Personality Computing," IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 273–291, July 2014.

P. T. Costa Jr. and R. R. McCrae, "The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R)," in The SAGE handbook of personality theory and assessment, Vol 2: Personality measurement and testing, G. J. Boyle, G. Matthews, and D. H. Saklofske, Eds. Thousand Oaks, CA, USA: Sage Publications, Inc, 2008, pp. 179–198.

K. Chaudhari and A. Thakkar, "Survey on handwriting-based personality trait identification," Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 124, pp. 282–308, June 2019.

N. H. Abbas, K. N. Yasen, K. H. A. Faraj, F. A. Razak, and F. L. Malallah, "Offline Handwritten Signature Recognition Using Histogram Orientation Gradient and Support Vector Machine," Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, vol. 96, no. 8, pp. 2075–2084, Apr. 2018.

C. Suman, S. Saha, A. Gupta, S. K. Pandey, and P. Bhattacharyya, "A multi-modal personality prediction system," Knowledge-Based Systems, vol. 236, Jan. 2022, Art. no. 107715.

R. Hasan, M. Jamil, G. Rabbani, and S. Rahman, "Speaker Identification Using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients," in 3rd International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2004, pp. 565–568.

P. K. Atrey, M. A. Hossain, A. El Saddik, and M. S. Kankanhalli, "Multimodal fusion for multimedia analysis: a survey," Multimedia Systems, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 345–379, Nov. 2010.

M.-C. Popescu, V. E. Balas, L. Perescu-Popescu, and N. Mastorakis, "Multilayer perceptron and neural networks," WSEAS Transactions on Circuits and Systems, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 579–588, July 2009.

A. Paul, D. P. Mukherjee, P. Das, A. Gangopadhyay, A. R. Chintha, and S. Kundu, "Improved Random Forest for Classification," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 4012–4024, Aug. 2018.

Z. Li, F. Liu, W. Yang, S. Peng, and J. Zhou, "A Survey of Convolutional Neural Networks: Analysis, Applications, and Prospects," IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 6999–7019, Dec. 2022.

X. Yang, "An Overview of the Attention Mechanisms in Computer Vision," Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1693, no. 1, Dec. 2020, Art. no. 012173.

G. Holmes, A. Donkin, and I. H. Witten, "WEKA: a machine learning workbench," in Proceedings of ANZIIS ’94 - Australian New Zealnd Intelligent Information Systems Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 1994, pp. 357–361.

D. P. Kingma and J. Ba, "Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization." arXiv, Jan. 30, 2017.

J. Cohen, Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA: Routledge, 2013.

Downloads

How to Cite

[1]
Y. Dai, A. Mahmoud, and E. Takaoka, “Personality Recognition in Learning Environments: A Multimodality Machine Learning Framework”, Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 36369–36383, Jun. 2026.

Metrics

Abstract Views: 39
PDF Downloads: 20

Metrics Information