A Compact Dual-Resonant Terahertz MIMO Antenna for 6G Communications

Md. Ashraful Haque; Maruf Billah; Jun-Jiat Tiang; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Mahafujul Haq Riad

doi:10.48084/etasr.16909

Authors

Md. Ashraful Haque Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Maruf Billah Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Jun-Jiat Tiang Centre for Wireless Technology, CoE for Intelligent Network, Faculty of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Mahafujul Haq Riad Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Volume: 16 | Issue: 3 | Pages: 35895-35906 | June 2026 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.16909

Received: 12 December 2025 | Revised: 15 January 2026, 7 February 2026, and 27 February 2026 | Accepted: 4 March 2026 | Online: 29 April 2026

Corresponding author: Md. Ashraful Haque

Abstract

The increasing demand for ultra-high data rates and extensive connectivity in sixth-generation (6G) networks positions terahertz (THz) frequencies as a crucial facilitator. This work presents a compact, high-performance Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for THz applications, with a remarkable 1.83 THz bandwidth and twin resonances at 4.73 THz and 5.47 THz. The antenna demonstrates exceptional performance, featuring a high gain of 13.15 dB, a radiation efficiency of 91.33%, and an isolation of −31.41 dB. This design introduces a notable advancement through the integration of an RLC circuit model, which provides validation of the proposed design. The antenna exhibits a remarkable Diversity Gain (DG) of 9.9988 dB and a negligible Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) of 0.00027. Its compact dimensions (90 × 205 μm²) and copper–polyimide composition render it an optimal choice for forthcoming 6G communications, THz imaging, and sensing applications.

Keywords:

terahertz (THz), microstrip antenna, MIMO, dual resonance, industrial and innovation

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