Investigating Technological and Organizational Leverages of Digital Learning Adoption in Halal MSMEs Using the TOE-TAM Framework and the PLS-SEM Approach

Popy Novita Pasaribu; Muhamad Muslih; . Mashadi; Tika Kartika; Hari Muharam; Hannisa Rahmaniar Hasnin

doi:10.48084/etasr.13606

Authors

Popy Novita Pasaribu Department of Management, Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, Indonesia
Muhamad Muslih Department of Information Systems, Nusa Putra University, Sukabumi, Indonesia
Mashadi Department of Management, Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan, Bogor, Indonesia
Tika Kartika Department of Sharia Economics, Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, Indonesia
Hari Muharam Department of Management, Pakuan University, Sukabumi, Indonesia
Hannisa Rahmaniar Hasnin Departement of International Trade, Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, Indonesia

Volume: 15 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 29475-29482 | December 2025 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.13606

Received: 23 July 2025 | Revised: 10 September 2025, 23 September 2025, and 26 September 2025 | Accepted: 28 September 2025 | Online: 14 October 2025

Corresponding author: Popy Novita Pasaribu

Abstract

This study investigates the adoption of cloud-based digital learning systems to empower halal Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, which is still rarely explored. The objective was to evaluate the development and adoption of a cloud-based learning management system designed to empower halal-oriented MSMEs in Indonesia, called CSSL UMKM HalalPro. This study applies a system development approach using a structured waterfall model, and the adoption assessment uses Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework and an integrated Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The platform was developed to include a QR-verified presence, modular digital content, and real-time analytics tailored to the needs of MSMEs. Quantitative analysis was carried out on 179 MSMEs specializing in halal products with six latent constructs, including Adoption Intention (ADI), Digital Learning Behavior (DLB), Organizational Readiness (ORG), Perceived Ease of Use (PEZ), Perceived Usefulness (PRU), and Technology Readiness (TGR) with sub-latents 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, and 6, respectively. After eliminating indicators with low weights, the external evaluation showed that the model was highly reliable and had good construct validity. The internal model suggests that TGR impacts the perceived usefulness and ease of use of a product, which in turn influences the adoption intentions and digital learning behavior. ORG makes the product easier to use, but does not significantly influence perceived usefulness. This suggests that human and technological factors have a greater impact on MSMEs than formal organizational competencies. The findings suggest that user-centered system design and TGR facilitate the adoption of digital technologies by MSMEs, thereby enhancing their capacity. This study uniquely integrates system development with adoption behavior analysis explicitly designed for halal-oriented MSMEs, a sector rarely addressed in digital learning research, and highlights that user-centered design and technology readiness are key to successful digital adoption in this context.

Keywords:

CSSL UMKM halalpro, digital learning, halal economy, MSMEs, platform development

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