Investigation of the Machining Parameters and the Environment of Polyamide 6 on Surface Roughness Using Experimental and Statistical Methods

Wael H. A. Shaheen; Marwan Salman; Moneer H. Tolephih; Thamir Alsharifi; Wassan S. Abd Al-Sahb; Oday I. Abdullah

doi:10.48084/etasr.13208

Authors

Wael H. A. Shaheen Department of Automated Manufacturing Engineering, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Marwan Salman Department of Automated Manufacturing Engineering, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Moneer H. Tolephih Al-Naji University, Baghdad, Iraq
Thamir Alsharifi Department of Automated Manufacturing Engineering, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Wassan S. Abd Al-Sahb Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Oday I. Abdullah Department of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq | College of Engineering, Al-Naji University, Baghdad, Iraq | Department of Mechanics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Volume: 15 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 28454-28459 | December 2025 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.13208

Received: 6 July 2025 | Revised: 1 August 2025 and 25 August 2025 | Accepted: 30 August 2025 | Online: 8 December 2025

Corresponding author: Moneer H. Tolephih

Abstract

This study investigates experimentally and statistically the influences of the Machining Parameters (MPs) and environments on the surface roughness (R_a) of Polyamide 6 (PA6) during the turning operation. The experiments were conducted using a lathe machine, carbide cutting tool, and roughness tester. The statistical approach was implemented using Taguchi Experiment Design (TED) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The parameters and their values were: cutting velocity (V_C) of 125, 200, and 250 m/min; feed rate (F_R) of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mm/rev; and cutting depth (D_C) of 2, 4, and 6 mm. The environments used were: dry (D), compressed air (A), and air-water mixture (A+W). The research aimed to improve the cutting surface quality of PA6 based on the R criterion. The results revealed that the F_R is the most influential factor on R compared to other factors. The effect percentages on R were 61%, 15%, 13%, and 11% for F_R, Machining Environments (MEs), D_C, and V_C, respectively. The optimum combination has been achieved based on an F_R of 0.05 mm/rev, air with water, a D_C of 2 mm, and a V_C of 125 m/min, providing a minimum total average surface roughness (R_a) of 1.2 μm for PA6. The study demonstrates that an optimum combination can enhance the cutting surface quality, reduce the machining costs, and provide a pathway for producing high-performance PA6 components.

Keywords:

Polyamide 6, cutting velocity, feed rate, cutting depth, machining environment, surface roughness, Taguchi design, ANOVA

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