A Comparison of TiC Wetting Angles with Low Carbon Steel by Contact and Noncontact Methods

Andrey Anikeev; Ilya Chumanov; Abdrakhman Naizabekov; Sergey Lezhnev; Evgeniy Panin

doi:10.48084/etasr.12025

Authors

Andrey Anikeev Zlatoust Branch, South Ural State University (National Research University), Zlatoust, Russia
Ilya Chumanov Zlatoust Branch, South Ural State University (National Research University), Zlatoust, Russia
Abdrakhman Naizabekov Rudny Industrial University, Rudny, Kazakhstan
Sergey Lezhnev Rudny Industrial University, Rudny, Kazakhstan
Evgeniy Panin Karaganda Industrial University, Temirtau, Kazakhstan

Volume: 15 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 25221-25227 | August 2025 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.12025

Received: 9 May 2025 | Revised: 28 May 2025 and 9 June 2025 | Accepted: 15 June 2025 | Online: 2 August 2025

Corresponding author: Evgeniy Panin

Abstract

This study investigates the kinetics of the high-temperature interaction between titanium carbide (TiC) and a low-carbon melt in an argon atmosphere, as well as the microstructure of the resulting substrate surface. A key feature of this work is the comparative analysis of two experimental techniques, contact and noncontact, to study the interaction between reinforcing particles and metal. This methodological approach highlights significant discrepancies in the results obtained by each technique, which is critical to optimizing processes in the fabrication of gradient materials, where reliable metal bonding is essential. The analysis showed that, under contact conditions, iron droplets enriched with titanium and carbon formed across the plate surface. In contrast, under noncontact conditions, droplet formation was minimal, and the metal was entirely absorbed into the substrate.

Keywords:

kinetics of high-temperature interaction, contact and non-contact heating, wetting angle, titanium carbide

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