Development of a Wire Mesh Composite Material for Aerospace Applications
Received: 13 July 2022 | Revised: 9 August 2022 | Accepted: 14 August 2022 | Online: 18 August 2022
Corresponding author: S. C. A. Bikkina
Abstract
The electrical conductivity of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) may be used to reduce the dangers of lightning strikes, radar radiation, and aerial radio frequency transmitters. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) were created to guard against Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) in the aircraft's electric and electrical systems. High-Intensity Radiated Field Protection (HIRFP) aircrafts are required to be manufactured from a metal matrix consisting of Al6061, Al2O3, and Fly Ash (FA) to keep up with the ever-increasing needs of industry. The current work considered three MMC combinations. MMC1 is AL6061+10% and Al2O3+5% FA, MMC2 consists of AL6061+15 and Al2O3+5% FA, and MMC3 of AL6061+20% and Al2O3+5% FA. These MMCs made the shielding more effective at different percentages. The material electrical properties were interpreted based on experiments. Analytical approaches include the testing of the electrical parameters of materials to measure the shielding effectiveness. The calculated shielding efficiencies MMC1-55.7dB, MMC2-57.2dB, and MMC3-59.1dB allow the composites to be employed in aircrafts. This indicates that, for specific applications like HIRFPs, the constructed MMCs perform well.
Keywords:
Metal Matrix Composite (MMCs), reinforcement, Al2O3, fly ashDownloads
References
M. A. Uman and V. A. Rakov, "The interaction of lightning with airborne vehicles," Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 61–81, Jan. 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-0421(02)00051-9
A. Larsson, "The interaction between a lightning flash and an aircraft in flight," Comptes Rendus Physique, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 1423–1444, Dec. 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1631-0705(02)01410-X
M. Jaroszewski, S. Thomas, and A. V. Rane, "Recent progress in electromagnetic absorbing materials," in Advanced Materials for Electromagnetic Shielding: Fundamentals, Properties, and Applications, New York, NY, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2018, pp. 147–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119128625.ch7
Y. Guo, Y. Xu, Q. Wang, Q. Dong, X. Yi, and Y. Jia, "Eliminating lightning strike damage to carbon fiber composite structures in Zone 2 of aircraft by Ni-coated carbon fiber nonwoven veils," Composites Science and Technology, vol. 169, pp. 95–102, Jan. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.11.011
M. Gagne and D. Therriault, "Lightning strike protection of composites," Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 64, pp. 1–16, Jan. 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2013.07.002
G. Moona, R. Walia, R. Vikas, and R. Sharma, "Aluminium metal matrix composites: A retrospective investigation," Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, vol. 56, pp. 164–175, Jan. 2018.
Z. M. Gizatullin, R. M. Gizatullin, and M. G. Nuriev, "Technique of physical modeling of lightning strike effects on aircraft," Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ), vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 157–160, Apr. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S106879981602001X
B. V. Ramnath et al., "Aluminium metal matrix composites–A review," Reviews on Advanced Materials Science, vol. 38, pp. 55–60, 2014.
B. Zhang, S. A. Soltani, L. N. Le, and R. Asmatulu, "Fabrication and assessment of a thin flexible surface coating made of pristine graphene for lightning strike protection," Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol. 216, pp. 31–40, Feb. 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2017.02.008
V. V. Vani and S. K. Chak, "The effect of process parameters in Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites with Powder Metallurgy," Manufacturing Review, vol. 5, 2018, Art. no. 7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/mfreview/2018001
G. Pitchayyapillai, P. Seenikannan, K. Raja, and K. Chandrasekaran, "Al6061 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Alumina and Molybdenum Disulphide," Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2016, Nov. 2016, Art. no. e6127624. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6127624
A. Dey and K. M. Pandey, "Characterisation of fly ash and its reinforcement effect on metal matrix composites: A review," Reviews on Advanced Materials, vol. 44, pp. 168–181, 2016.
A. K. Senapati, P. C. Mishra, and B. C. Routara, "Use of Waste Flyash in Fabrication of Aluminium Alloy Matrix Composite," International Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 905–912, 2014.
U. C. Hasar, "Permittivity Measurement of Thin Dielectric Materials from Reflection-Only Measurements Using One-Port Vector Network Analyzers," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 95, pp. 365–380, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2528/PIER09062501
A. P. Alegaonkar and P. S. Alegaonkar, "Nanocarbons: Preparation, assessments, and applications in structural engineering, spintronics, gas sensing, EMI shielding, and cloaking in X-band," in Nanocarbon and its Composites, A. Khan, M. Jawaid, Inamuddin, and A. M. Asiri, Eds. Sawston, UK: Woodhead Publishing, 2019, pp. 171–285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102509-3.00007-9
L. F. Liu and Q. S. Zhang, "Analysis of Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Metal Material," Advanced Materials Research, vol. 538–541, pp. 655–659, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.538-541.655
D. Mansson and A. Ellgardt, "Comparing analytical and numerical calculations of shielding effectiveness of planar metallic meshes with measurements in cascaded reverberation chambers," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 31, pp. 123–135, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERC12061506
P. S. Spandana and P. V. Y. Jayasree, "A Mathematical Approach to the Effect of Mobile Position on Human Head Against RF Radiation," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 121, pp. 127–144, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERC22051604
P. S. Spandana and P. V. Y. Jayasree, "Numerical Computation of SAR in Human Head with Transparent Shields Using Transmission Line Method.," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, vol. 105, pp. 31–45, Jul. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERM21080405
K. F. Casey, "Electromagnetic shielding behavior of wire-mesh screens," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 298–306, Dec. 1988. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/15.3309
S. S. Pudipeddi, P. V. Y. Jayasree, and S. G. Chintala, "Polarization Effect Assessment of Sub-6 GHz Frequencies on Adult and Child Four-Layered Head Models," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 8954–8959, Aug. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.5096
H. M. El-Maghrabi, "Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness Calculation for Cascaded Wire-Mesh Screens with Glass Substrate," The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 641–647, 2018.
L. Zhou et al., "Dielectric properties and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of Al2O3-based composites filled with FeSiAl and flaky graphite," Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 829, Jul. 2020, Art. no. 154556. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154556
N. Dong et al., "Fabrication and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of Ti3Si(Al)C2 modified Al2O3/SiC composites," Ceramics International, vol. 42, no. 8, pp. 9448–9454, Jun. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.03.001
L. Zhu et al., "Significantly enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding in Al2O3 ceramic composites incorporated with highly aligned non-woven carbon fibers," Ceramics International, vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 12672–12676, Jul. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.03.079
Downloads
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2022 S. C. A. Bikkina, P. V. Y. Jayasree
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after its publication in ETASR with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
