The Behavior of RC Beams Retrofitted with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP)

Authors

  • M. Fahim Civil Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8955-5165
  • F. Alam Civil Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • H. Khan Civil Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • I. U. Haq Civil Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • S. Ullah Civil Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • S. Zaman Civil Engineering Department University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan

Abstract

The need for the introduction of economical and quicker retrofitting techniques is increasing due to the ever-aging infrastructure and damages produced by major catastrophic events around the world. The application of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) for strengthening and retrofitting of reinforced concrete structures is gaining popularity due to its higher strength, lightweight, durability, corrosion resistance, and aesthetic value. This study presents the results of two strengthened and two retrofitted beams in comparison to control specimens. Two specimens were strengthened and two were retrofitted by attaching CFRP (Sika Carbo-Dur S812 or Sika-Wrap 230C) to the tension side of the beams using high strength epoxy. The results show that one CFRP strip/wrap simply attached at the tension side can help the damaged beam regain/pass the original strength. All specimens fail due to debonding of CFRP from the concrete surface emphasizing the need for efficient anchorage systems. Among the four patterns adopted, CFRP strips along with u-shaped anchorages at the ends provided the highest strength enhancement of 17.36%.

Keywords:

CFRP, strengthening, retrofitting, reinforced concrete beams, debonding

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

A. Costa, A. Arêde, and H. Varum, Eds., Strengthening and Retrofitting of Existing Structures, 1st ed. New York, NY, USA: Springer, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5858-5

M. Ashraf, "Development of Low-cost and Efficient Retrofitting Technique for Unreinforced Masonry Buildings," Ph.D. dissertation, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan, 2010.

"Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Uses and Properties," Essaycompany. https://www.essaycompany.com/essays/chemistry/carbon-fiber-reinforced-polymer-cfrp-5854 (accessed Apr. 27, 2022).

J. F. Bonacci and M. Maalej, "Behavioral Trends of RC Beams Strengthened with Externally Bonded FRP," Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 102–113, May 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:2(102)

M. R. Esfahani, M. R. Kianoush, and A. R. Tajari, "Flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by CFRP sheets," Engineering Structures, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 2428–2444, Oct. 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.12.008

Y. T. Obaidat, S. Heyden, and O. Dahlblom, "The effect of CFRP and CFRP/concrete interface models when modelling retrofitted RC beams with FEM," Composite Structures, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 1391–1398, May 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.11.008

P. Alagusundaramoorthy, I. E. Harik, and C. C. Choo, "Flexural Behavior of R/C Beams Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets or Fabric," Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 292–301, Nov. 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2003)7:4(292)

S. Linwang, C. Jian, C. Qingjun, L. Guobao, and Z. Juan, "Investigation on the Flexural Behavior of Corroded Concrete Beams Repaired by CFRP Sheet Under Different Corrosion Levels," The Open Civil Engineering Journal, vol. 10, no. 1, Sep. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010598

A. Bennitz, J. W. Schmidt, J. Nilimaa, B. Taljsten, P. Goltermann, and D. L. Ravn, "Reinforced Concrete T-Beams Externally Prestressed with Unbonded Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Tendons," Structural Journal, vol. 109, no. 4, pp. 521–530, Jul. 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14359/51683871

J. A. O. Barros, R. K. Varma, J. M. Sena-Cruz, and A. F. M. Azevedo, "Near surface mounted CFRP strips for the flexural strengthening of RC columns: Experimental and numerical research," Engineering Structures, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 3412–3425, Dec. 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.05.019

N. Askarizadeh and M. R. Mohammadizadeh, "Numerical Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Shear Walls and Steel Strips under Cyclic Loads Using Finite Element Method," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 2147–2155, Dec. 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1279

W. T. Lee, Y. J. Chiou, and M. H. Shih, "Reinforced concrete beam–column joint strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer," Composite Structures, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 48–60, Jan. 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.06.011

G. Al-Bayati, R. Al-Mahaidi, and R. Kalfat, "Experimental investigation into the use of NSM FRP to increase the torsional resistance of RC beams using epoxy resins and cement-based adhesives," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 124, pp. 1153–1164, Oct. 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.08.095

J. Abd and I. K. Ahmed, "The Effect of Low Velocity Impact Loading on Self-Compacting Concrete Reinforced with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 7689–7694, Oct. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4419

H. A. Al-Baghdadi and A. Sabah, "Behavior of RC Beams Strengthened with NSM-CFRP Strips Subjected to Fire Exposure: A Numerical Study," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 7782–7787, Dec. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4493

D. P. Abrams and N. Shah, "Cyclic Load Testing of Unreinforced Masonry Walls," Illinois University At Urbana Advanced Construction Technology Center, Urbana, IL, USA, 92-26-10, Dec. 1992.

"Sikadur®-30," Sika. https://gbr.sika.com/en/construction/structural-strengthening/adhesives-and-bonding/structural-adhesives/sikadur-30.html (accessed Apr. 27, 2022).

"Sikadur®-330," Sika. https://gbr.sika.com/en/construction/structural-strengthening/adhesives-and-bonding/structural-adhesives/sikadur-330.html (accessed Apr. 27, 2022).

G. Magenes and G. M. Calvi, "Cyclic behavior of brick masonry walls," in Earthquake Engineering, Tenth World Conference, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 1992.

AASHTO M 235M/M 235-13 (2018): Standard Specification for Epoxy Resin Adhesives (ASTM Designation: C 881-10). American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials, 2013.

Downloads

How to Cite

[1]
M. Fahim, F. Alam, H. Khan, I. U. Haq, S. Ullah, and S. Zaman, “The Behavior of RC Beams Retrofitted with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP)”, Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 8701–8706, Jun. 2022.

Metrics

Abstract Views: 742
PDF Downloads: 470

Metrics Information

Most read articles by the same author(s)