Effects of Cold Rolling and Aging Treatment on the Properties of Cu-Be Alloy
Abstract
The effects of precipitated phases during aging treatment on the properties of the Cu-Be alloy have been extensively studied. In this study, the effect of cold rolling on the precipitated phases of the Cu-Be alloy compared with non-deformed alloy during isothermal and low heating rate aging of 20C/min have been investigated. Hardness changes, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dilatation analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used in this study. Hardening and contraction were strongly increased at an early aging time for the cold rolled Cu-Be alloy. In addition, the DSC curves revealed an exothermic peak from the γ΄΄ phase. This peak increased and shifted to lower aging time by increasing the cold rolling reduction. In addition, the hardness remarkably increased at lower aging temperatures for the cold rolled specimens. The contraction from the dilatation curves and the exothermic peaks shifted to lower aging temperatures in cold rolled specimens. The hardening of Cu-Be alloy is believed to be from the γ΄ phase, and the contraction and the first exothermic peak in DSC curves from γ΄΄ phase. TEM observations are in a good agreement with the above explanation and strongly revealed that γ΄΄ and γ΄ phases were highly accelerated by the effect of cold rolling
Keywords:
precipitation hardening, transmission electron microscopy, - age hardening, solution treatment, cold rollingDownloads
References
E. Rocha-Rangel, J. A. Rodrguez-Garcia, C. A. Hernandez-Bocanegra, “Precipitation hardening of Cu-Be alloys”, ChemXpress Vol. 5 No. 4, pp. 132-136, 2014
M. Mankani, S. S. Sharma, “Heat treatment of mill-hardened beryllium copper for space applications”, Universal Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 147-150, 2015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/ujme.2015.030405
Z. Zhu, Y. Cai, K. Song, Y. Zhou, J. Zou, “Precipitation Characteristics of the Metastable γ″ Phase in a Cu-Ni-Be Alloy”, Materials, Vol. 11, No. 8, Article ID 1394, 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11081394
T. Tang, Y. L. Kang, L. J. Yue, X. L. Jiao, “Precipitation behavior of Cu-1.9Be-0.3Ni-0.15Co alloy during aging”, Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 307-315, 2015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-014-0198-0
Y. Tang, Y. Kang, L. Yue, X. Jiao, “Mechanical properties optimization of a Cu–Be–Co–Ni alloy by precipitation design”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 695, pp. 613-625, 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.11.014
Y. Tang, Y. Kang, L. Dejia, M. Shen, Y. Hu, L. Zhao, “Tuning Low Cycle Fatigue Properties of Cu-Be-Co-Ni Alloy by Precipitation Design”, Metals-Open Access Metallurgy Journal, Vol. 8, Article ID 444, 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met8060444
S. Montecinos, S. Tognana, W. Salgueiro, “Influence of microstructure on the Young's modulus in a Cu-2Be (wt.%) alloy”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 729, pp. 43-48, 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.121
L. Yagmur, O. Duygulu, B. Aydemir, “Investigation of metastable γ΄ precipitate using HRTEM in aged Cu–Be alloy”, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 528, No. 12, pp. 4147-4151, 2011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.01.114
W. Bonfield, B. C. Edwards, “Precipitation hardening in Cu 1.81 wt % Be 0.28 wt % Co”, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 398-408, 1974 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00737839
I. M. Masoud, K. Naito, H. Era, K. Kishitake, “A Shape Memory Behavior Newely Reveled in Cu-Be Alloy”, 7th Cairo University International MDP Conference, Cairo, Egypt, February 15-17, 2000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008043711-8/50033-7
L. Yang, F. Y. Zhang, M. F. Yan, M. L. Zhang, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of multiphase layer formed during thermo-diffusing of titanium into the surface of C17200 copper-beryllium alloy”, Applied Surface Science, Vol. 292, No. 1, pp. 225-230, 2014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.11.121
K. Esmati, H. Omidvar, J. Jelokhani, M. Naderi, “Study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of diffusion brazing joint of C17200 copper beryllium alloy“, Materials & Design, Vol. 53, pp. 766-773, 2014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.07.080
A. Khodabakhshi, V. Abouei, N. Mortazavi, S. H. Razavi, H. Hooshyar, M. Esmaily, “Effects of cold working and heat treatment on microstructure and wear behaviour of Cu–Be alloy C1720”, Tribology-Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 118-127, 2015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17515831.2015.1107257
R. Monzen, S. Okawara, C. Watanable, “Stress-assisted nucleation and growth of γ″ and γ′ precipitates in a Cu–1.2 wt %Be–0.1 wt%Co alloy aged at 320°C”, Philosophical Magazine, Vol. 92, No. 14, pp. 1826-1843, 2012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2012.658878
R. J. Price, A. Kelly, “Deformation of age hardened crystals of copper-1.8 wt.% beryllium”, Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 11, No. 8, pp. 915-922, 1963 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(63)90061-0
W. Ozgowicz, E. Kalinowska-Ozgowicz, B. Grzegorczyk, “Thermomechanical treatment of low-alloy copper alloys of the kind CuCo2Be and CuCo1NiBe”, Journal of Achevements in Materials and Manfacturing Engineering, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 161-168, 2011
R. O. Galicia, C. G. Garcia, M. A. Alcantara, A. H. Vazquez, “Influence of Heat Treatment and Composition Variations on Microstructure, Hardness, and Wear Resistance of C18000 Copper Alloy”, ISRN Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 2012, Article ID 248989, 2012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/248989
Y. Lim, K. Lee, S. Moon, “Effects of a Post-Weld Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of a Friction-Stir-Welded Beryllium-Copper Alloy”, Metals-Open Access Metallurgy Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4, Article ID 461, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met9040461
M. Hariram, D. Theerath, P. Chakravarthy, R. A. Kumar, “Influence of cold work on aging response of C17200-beryllium copper alloy C17200”, Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 4, No. 10, pp. 11188–11193, 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.09.039
Downloads
How to Cite
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after its publication in ETASR with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
