Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenolics from Rambutan (Nephelium Lappaceum L.) Peels using Response Surface Methodology and Central Composite Design
Received: 14 February 2025 | Revised: 2 March 2025 and 12 March 2025 | Accepted: 17 March 2025 | Online: 24 March 2025
Corresponding author: Trung Dang-Bao
Abstract
A Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) of polyphenolics from rambutan (Nephelium Lappaceum L.) peels, with three key factors, involving ethanol concentration (X1), extraction time (X2), and material-to-solvent ratio (X3). These factors were initially examined using single-factor analysis, while a central composite design on three levels was subsequently used for optimization. The experimental results were fitted to a second-order polynomial model, and an Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted to assess the significance of each factor on the extraction process. Considering the maximum extracted Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), and Antioxidant Activity (AA), the optimal conditions (X1, X2, X3) for each response were (42%, 132 s, 0.002 g mL-1), (46%, 133 s, 0.002 g mL-1), and (40%, 121 s, 0.002 g mL-1), respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the rambutan peel extract yielded 225.6 ± 6.6 mg-GAE/g (TPC), 179.7 ± 9.2 mg-RE/g (TFC), and 149.3 ± 2.1 mmol-TE/g (AA).
Keywords:
polyphenolics, rambutan, microwave-assisted extraction, optimization, antioxidant activityDownloads
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