Use of the SWAT Model to Simulate the Hydrological Response to LULC in a Binational Basin between Ecuador and Peru

Authors

  • Robinson Fabricio Pena Murillo Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima 12, Peru | Centro Experimental de Riego, Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo, Ecuador | Universidad Tecnica de Ambato, Tungurahua, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-4039
  • Waldo Lavado Casimiro Servicio Meteorologico e Hidrologico del Peru SENAMHI, Lima, Peru | Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima 12, Peru
  • Yenica Cirila Pachac Huerta Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Santiago Antunez de Mayolo, Av. Centenario N° 200, Huaraz, Peru | Research Center for Environmental Earth Science and Technology, Universidad Santiago Antunez de Mayolo, Av. Centenario N° 200, Huaraz, Peru | Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima 12, Peru
  • Melania Zapana Quispe Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima 12, Peru | Facultad de Ingenieria Agricola, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Peru
  • Deysi Guevara-Freire Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Tecnica de Ambato, Tungurahua, Ecuador
Volume: 14 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 17816-17823 | December 2024 | https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.8646

Abstract

Land use change has played a crucial role in altering the hydrological behavior, making detailed assessments essential to ensure sustainable water resource management and the conservation of natural ecosystems. This study focuses on simulating the impact of different Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) scenarios for the years 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2015 on the water balance in the Puyango-Tumbes River basin, which spans across Ecuador and Peru, during the period 1981-2015. The results indicated an 18.3% increase in the grassland areas and a significant 38.2% reduction in the savanna zones, contributing to an annual 2.1% increase in the Evapotranspiration (PET) rates. These land use changes led to a 29.2% decrease in the Percolation (PERC), a 20.7% decrease in the Surface Runoff (SURQ), a 33% reduction in the Groundwater Flow (GW_Q), and a 26.6% decrease in the Annual Water Yield (WYLD), as well as a slight reduction of 0.9% in the Lateral flow (LAT_Q). These findings highlight the importance of considering land use changes to ascertain the sustainable management of natural resources, particularly in a transboundary basin.

Keywords:

LULC, SWAT, streamflow, hydrological cycle, basin

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[1]
Murillo, R.F.P., Lavado Casimiro, W., Pachac Huerta, Y.C., Zapana Quispe, M. and Guevara-Freire, D. 2024. Use of the SWAT Model to Simulate the Hydrological Response to LULC in a Binational Basin between Ecuador and Peru. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research. 14, 6 (Dec. 2024), 17816–17823. DOI:https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.8646.

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