An Experimental Study on the Socketed Pile in Soft Rock
Received: 17 September 2022 | Revised: 26 September 2022 | Accepted: 27 September 2022 | Online: 8 October 2022
Corresponding author: V. Maralapalle
Abstract
Pile foundation systems are used in India in many projects such as metro and railways, flyovers, and multi-story buildings. The pile transfers superstructure load to the substructure, i.e. to rock layers by means of skin resistance and end-bearing resistance. In this study, an attempt is made to observe the performance of socketed piles in soft rock. A series of socketed small-scale model pile load laboratory studies have been conducted using the loading frame. Load tests were performed on a model steel pile to calculate its axial load-bearing capability at various socket depths. An unconfined compression test was performed on pseudo-rock variations to find out the properties of the soft rock used. The results showed the ability of the drilled pile to enhance the strength of the pseudo rock. An attempt was also made to calculate the optimum depth for the socketed pile in soft rock.
Keywords:
socketed depth, settlement, axial load, model pile, pile foundationDownloads
References
T. Sadeghian and M. E. Babadi, "Earthquake prediction modeling using dynamic changes (Case Study: Alborz Region)," International Journal of Engineering, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 355–366, Feb. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2021.34.02b.07
H. Zare, H. G. Taleghani, and J. Khanjani, "Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Aqueous Solution using Crosslinked Chitosan Grafted with Polyaniline," International Journal of Engineering, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 305–312, Feb. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2021.34.02b.01
M. E. Ergin and H. O. Tezcan, "Planned Special Event Travel Demand Model Development," International Journal of Engineering, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 336–347, Feb. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2021.34.02b.05
V. Maralapalle, R. Hegde, R. Dasgupta, and W. Shaikh, "Experimental Investigation on Behavior of Piled-Raft Foundation," International Journal for Science and Advance Research In Technology, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 666–670, Jan. 2017.
V. Maralapalle, M. Muntazir, A. Aahad, K. Mubariz, and B. Sakib, "Analysis and Design of pile foundation for G+20 Residential Building," International Journal for Science and Advance Research In Technology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 737–743, Jun. 2019.
F. M. Abdrabbo, R. M. El-Hansy, and T. M. Abdel-Aziz., "Study on the Osterberg-cell procedure for pile testing," in Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, Tuscon, AZ, USA, Jan. 1991.
S. S. Basarkar, "Analytical and experimental studies on rock socketed piles in Mumbai region," Ph.D. dissertation, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Bombay, India, 2004.
B. Benmokrane, K. S. Mouchaorab, and G. Ballivy, "Laboratory investigation of shaft resistance of rock-socketed piers using the constant normal stiffness direct shear test," Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 407–419, Jun. 1994. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/t94-048
F. K. Chin, "Estimation of the ultimate load of piles from tests not carried to failure," in 2nd Southeast Asian Conference on Soil Engineering, Singapore, Singapore, Jun. 1970, pp. 81–92.
K. W. Cole and M. A. Stroud, "Rock socket piles at Coventry Point, Market Way, Coventry," Geotechnique, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 47–62, Mar. 1976. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1976.26.1.47
K. R. Datye and D. Karandikar, "Bored piling in Bombay region," in International Geotechnical Seminar on Deep Foundations on Bored and Auger Piles, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 1988, pp. 315–323.
L. Decourt, "Behavior of Foundations under Working Load Conditions," in 11th Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, Aug. 1999, pp. 453–488.
I. B. Donald, H. K. Chiu, and S. W. Sloan, "Theoretical analyses of rock socketed piles," in International Conference on Structural Foundations on Rock, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Dec. 1980, vol. 1, pp. 303–316.
W. G. K. Fleming, "A new method for signle pile settlement prediction and analysis," Géotechnique, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 411–425, Sep. 1992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1992.42.3.411
C. F. Freeman, D. Klajnerman, and G. D. Prasad, "Design of Deep Socketed Caissons Into Shale Bedrock," Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 105–114, Feb. 1972. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/t72-008
M. A. A. Kiefa, "General Regression Neural Networks for Driven Piles in Cohesionless Soils," Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 124, no. 12, pp. 1177–1185, Dec. 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1998)124:12(1177)
F. H. Kulhawy, "Geomechanical Model for Rock Foundation Settlement," Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, vol. 104, no. 2, pp. 211–227, Feb. 1978 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/AJGEB6.0000582
J. K. Kodikara and I. W. Johnston, "Analysis of compressible axially loaded piles in rock," International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 427–437, 1994. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610180606
B. Ladanyi and D. Domingue, "An analysis of bond strength for rock socketed piers," in International Conference on Structural Foundations on Rock, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Dec. 1980, vol. 1, pp. 363–373.
P. J. N. Pells and R. M. Turner, "Elastic solutions for the design and analysis of rock-socketed piles," Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 481–487, Aug. 1979. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/t79-054
R. K. Rowe and H. H. Armitage, "A design method for drilled piers in soft rock," Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 126–142, Feb. 1987. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/t87-011
A. F. Williams, I. W. Johnston, and I. B. Donald, "The design of socketed piles in weak rock," in International Conference on Structural Foundations on Rock, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Dec. 1980, pp. 327–347.
N. Mangi, D. K. Bangwar, H. Karira, S. Kalhoro, and G. R. Siddiqui, "Parametric Study of Pile Response to Side-by-Side Twin Tunneling in Stiff Clay," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 5361–5366, Apr. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3290
T. A. Rind, H. Karira, A. A. Jhatial, S. Sohu, and A. R. Sandhu, "Particle Crushing Effect on The Geotechnical Properties of Soil," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 4131–4135, Jun. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2730
A. H. Bhutto et al., "Mohr-Coulomb and Hardening Soil Model Comparison of the Settlement of an Embankment Dam," Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 4654–4658, Oct. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3034
V. C. Maralapalle and R. Hegde, "Model studies on effect of pseudo-rock-socket strength on resistance of friction-only piles," Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, vol. 34, Oct. 2022, Art. no. 101089. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2021.101089
R. U. Kulkarni and D. M. Dewaikar, "Analysis of rock-socketed piles loaded in axial compression in Mumbai region based on load transfer characteristics," International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 261–269, May 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19386362.2017.1343262
S. Rezazadeh and A. Eslami, "Empirical methods for determining shaft bearing capacity of semi-deep foundations socketed in rocks," Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1140–1151, Dec. 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2017.06.003
Downloads
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2022 V. Maralapalle, R. A. Hegde
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after its publication in ETASR with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.