Farm-based Evaluation of Sustainable Alternative Irrigation Practices
Abstract
Water management is one crucial component of agribusiness and municipal policy. One of the water-oriented dimensions is irrigation. In Pakistan, there is a lack of water system planning and water conservation management. This study is an effort to focus on water conservation and optimum crop yield using cost effective irrigation practices. This study is based on the comparative analysis among four irrigation techniques: flood irrigation (conventional), furrow, alternate furrow, and raised bed on wheat crop in order to decide the most efficient irrigation technique on clay loam soil. The wheat crop was cultivated in Rabi season from November 2015 to March 2018 on a one-acre area of a local farmer of Sajawal district, Sindh. Randomize complete block design (RCBD) method was used to design and allocate 3 irrigation sub-plots. The results show significance p
Keywords:
water conservation, raised-bed, wheat, Sujawal, alternate furrowDownloads
References
M. M. A. Kaisi, J. F. Shanahan, Irrigation of Winter Wheat, Crop Series, 1999
N. Dabour, “The role of irrigation in food production and agricultural development in the near east region”, Journal of Economic Cooperation, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 31-70, 2002
A. Darzi-Naftchali, H. Ritzema, “Integrating irrigation and drainage management to sustain agriculture in northern Iran”, Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 1-17, 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su10061775
R. A. Fischer, K. Sayre, I. O. Monasterio, “The effect of raised bed planting on irrigated wheat yield as influenced by variety and row spacing”, in: ACIAR Proceedings No. 121, pp. 1-11, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 2005
J. M. Goncalves, A. P. Muga, M. G. Horst, L. S. Pereira, “Furrow irrigation design with multicriteria analysis”, Biosystems Engineering, Vol. 109, No. 4, pp. 266-275, 2011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2011.04.007
E. A. Holzapfel, M. A. Marino, J. Chavez-Morales, “Procedure to select an optimum irrigation method”, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Vol. 111, No. 4, pp. 319-329, 1985 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1985)111:4(319)
M. L. Jat, R. Gupta, Y. S. Saharawat, R. Khosla, “Layering precision land leveling and furrow irrigated raised bed planting: Productivity and input use efficiency of irrigated bread wheat in Indo-Gangetic plains”, American Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 578-588, 2011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2011.24069
D. Labadarios, Z. J. Mchiza, N. P. Steyn, G. Gericke, E. M. Maunder, Y. D. Davids, W. A. Parker, “Food security in South Africa: A review of national surveys”, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol. 89, No. 12, pp. 891-899, 2011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.11.089243
D. K. Majumdar, Irrigation Water Management Principles and Practices, Prentice Hall of India, 2010
G. Mishra, H. S. Kushwaha, “Winter wheat yield and soil physical properties responses to different tillage and irrigation”, European Journal of Biological Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 56-63, 2016
L. Quanqi, Z. Xunbo, C. Yuhai, Y. Songlie, “Water consumption characteristics of winter wheat grown using different planting patterns and deficit irrigation regime”, Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 105, pp. 8-12, 2012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2011.12.015
B. R. Sharma, U. Amarasinghe, C. Xueliang, “Assessing and Improving Water Productivity in Conservation Agriculture Systems in the Indus-Gangetic Basin”, 4th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture-Innovations for Improving efficiency, Equity and Environment, New Delhi, India, February 4-7, 2009
A. A. Siyal, A. S. Mashori, K. L. Bristow, M. T. V. Genuchten, “Alternate furrow irrigation can radically improve water productivity of okra”, Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 173, pp. 55-60, 2016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.026
K. B. Soomro, H. A. Sahito, J. A. Rind, B. Mal, S. H. Kaleri, “Effect of marginal quality water on okra, abelmoschus esculentus I. Yield under drip irrigation system”, Global Advanced Research Journal of Engineering, Technolology and Innovation, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 103-112, 2012
C. Sun, D. Feng, Z. Mi, C. Li, J. Zhang, Y. Gao, J. Sun, “Impacts of ridge-furrow planting on salt stress and cotton yield under drip irrigation”, Water, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 49, 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w9010049
F. A. Ward, A. Michelsen, “The economic value of water in agriculture: Concepts and policy applications”, Water Policy, Vol. 4, No. 5, pp. 423-446, 2002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1366-7017(02)00039-9
E .A. Waraich, R. Ahmad, Saifullah, S. Ahmad, “Raised bed planting in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in semi-arid zone”, Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 73-84, 2010
S. A. Walters, A. K. Jha, “Sustaining chili pepper production in Afghanistan through better irrigation practices and management”, Agriculture, Vol. 6, No. 62, pp. 1-10, 2016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture6040062
D. Zingaro, I. Portoghese, G. Giannoccaro, “Modelling crop pattern changes and water resources exploitation: A case study”, Water, Vol. 9, No. 9, pp. 685, 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090685
S. J. Zwart, W. G. M. Bastiaanssen, “Review of measured crop water productivity values for irrigated wheat, rice, cotton and maize”, Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 115-133, 2004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2004.04.007
Downloads
How to Cite
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after its publication in ETASR with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
